Getting the most out of your lessons should be a goal.  You won’t have a teacher your entire playing career, therefore the long term goal is to learn to teach yourself and to use your lessons, while you have them, to develop the skill set to continue your education long after you no longer have lessons.  Consider the following things to aid you:

Keep a notebook for every teacher you study with.  After your lesson, reflect on what was covered.  Write down what you worked on, things that made sense to you, things that didn’t make sense to you, questions that have arisen from the lesson, and your feelings from the lesson.  I have a notebook for every teacher I’ve studied with.  I refer to them often.  In them I find new ideas to try that at the time they were introduced I wasn’t ready for or was too overwhelmed to try.  I have learned how a teacher can affect the student’s emotions during lessons by keeping my notebook. Recording feelings about my lessons has allowed me to learn over time what my teacher did to motivate me, so that I can motivate myself in the same way, or things my teacher said to devastate me, so I can avoid doing similar things to myself and derail my progress.
You learn a lot more in your lessons than how to play the bassoon.  You are paying a lot for those lessons.  Keep a record of your lessons to get the most of your time, money, and education!

Making marks on music to remind yourself of things is good.  Do not play from originals.  Always make photocopies of the music you are working on so you can mark things freely.  Making the same mistake twice because you didn’t mark it the first time only wastes your time!  Additionally, working off a photocopy means that you can save each photocopy that a teacher marks for you.  So if you study a composition with more than one teacher you have all each teacher’s markings saved individually.    I’ve found this particularly helpful with standard pieces like the Mozart and Weber Concertos.  I’ve studied the Mozart with numerous teachers, so in a file cabinet I have a photocopy of all of Arthur Weisberg’s markings on my part, a separate photocopy with all of Kim Walker’s markings, another with Andrew Barnes’ markings, another with Dennis Michel’s markings, etc.  This provides me with the option to go back in the future to see each of my teacher’s ideas and to see how my interpretation of the piece has changed over time.

ALWAYS record whatever you plan on playing in a lesson BEFORE walking in to your teacher’s studio!!!!!  A lot of lesson time is wasted covering material you already know or can self-correct.  Train yourself to be your teacher by recording yourself a few days before the lesson, listen back critically, and correct things you heard before your lesson.  This trains your ear, which you need to train just as much as you need to train your fingers.  By recording yourself you won’t waste time listening to your teacher tell you to “don’t accent the start of every phase” or “bump phrase endings” for the 100th time because you will hear it yourself and correct it before they hear it.  After you no longer have a teacher, all you will have is your own ears to identify problems.  Getting used to listening critically to yourself (which is really only possible when you listen back) will make the transition to no teacher easier because you have already trained yourself to be your teacher.  This also gives you the opportunity to identify what your teacher hears that you don’t so you can ask them questions and learn more!

If your teacher allows it, record your lessons.  A lot of times in lessons you play things differently than you do in the practice room because you are under pressure in a lesson and you aren’t in a practice room.  It is important to learn what things change when you’re playing under pressure, because concerts and auditions are all in that environment!  Having a recording of your lessons also allows you to refer back to the lesson at a later time and gives you the opportunity to hear how you played and analyze your teacher’s comments.  Again, this teaches you how to teach yourself.

Embrace your new teacher’s ideas.  When you change teachers you will encounter new and sometimes conflicting ideas from your previous teacher’s views.  Your old teacher was not right and your new teacher is not wrong.  Your new teacher is not right and your old teacher is not wrong.  They are both right and wrong equally.  Learn everything you can from your new teacher, as you did your old, and then synthesize the information gained from both/all teachers to become YOU.  You don’t want to be a clone of any teacher with whom you study.  But you should embrace everything every teacher tells you and then at a later time decide what you will take from each teacher to become your own player.

Read other practice tips.